REPORTABLE

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA

CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION

CIVIL APPEAL NO. 4646 OF 2019

[Arising out of Special Leave Petition (Civil) No. 4976 of 2019]

State of Orissa & Anr.                  …Appellants

Versus

Dhirendra Sundar Das & Ors.              …Respondents

WITH

CIVIL APPEAL NO.4647 OF 2019

[Arising out of Special Leave Petition (Civil) No. 4977 of 2019]

CIVIL APPEAL NO.4648 OF 2019

[Arising out of Special Leave Petition (Civil) No. 4978 of 2019]

CIVIL APPEAL NO.4649 OF 2019

[Arising out of Special Leave Petition (Civil) No. 4979 of 2019]

CIVIL APPEAL NO.4650 OF 2019

[Arising out of Special Leave Petition (Civil) No. 4980 of 2019]

CIVIL APPEAL NO.4651 OF 2019

[Arising out of Special Leave Petition (Civil) No.11861 of 2019]

(Diary No. 13938 of 2019)

CIVIL APPEAL NO.4652 OF 2019

[Arising out of Special Leave Petition (Civil) No.11862 of 2019]

(Diary No. 13946 of 2019)

1

J U D G M E N T    

INDU MALHOTRA, J.    

Leave granted.  

1. The present Civil  Appeals arise out of  S.L.P.  (C)  Nos. 4976­

4980/2019 and S.L.P. (C) Diary Nos. 13938 and 13946/2019.

S.L.P. (C) Nos. 4976­4980/2019 arise out of the common

impugned Judgment and Order dated 30.04.2018 passed by a

Division  Bench of the  Orissa  High  Court in  W.P. (C) Nos.

14831/2013, 18749/2012, 6720/2013, 25961/2017 and

9200/2016.

S.L.P. (C) Diary Nos. 13938 and 13946/2019 arise out of

the impugned Orders dated 08.08.2018 and 10.08.2018

passed by a Division Bench of the Orissa High Court whereby

W.P. (C) Nos. 7383 and 14665/2018 were disposed of in terms

of the common impugned Judgment and Order dated

30.04.2018.

2. The factual matrix in which the present Civil Appeals arise for

consideration, briefly stated, are as under:

2

2.1. On 28.04.2008, a Letter was issued by the Appellant –

State  of  Orissa  (“State”) to  all  Departments,  Heads of

Departments,  and Collectors  inviting recommendations

for appointment by way of promotion to the Orissa

Administrative Service Class – II (“OAS Class – II”) cadre

having 150 vacancies. The recruitment process was to be

undertaken in accordance with the Orissa

Administrative Service, Class II (Recruitment) Rules,

1978 (“OAS Class II Rules, 1978”) and the Orissa

Administrative Service, Class – II (Appointment by

Promotion and Selection) Regulations, 1978 (“OAS Class

II Regulations, 1978”).

2.2. The concerned Departmental Authorities forwarded the

names of 559 candidates, including the contesting

Respondents, for consideration to be promoted/selected

to OAS Class – II posts.

2.3. The State issued Office Order dated 07.06.2008, for

implementation of the Judgment dated 11.04.2007

3

passed by the Orissa Administrative Tribunal, Cuttack

Bench (“O.A.T.”).

The O.A.T. had directed the State to separately

assess the vacancies  for the years 2001 to 2005 year

wise, conduct the process of calling for names, hold a

D.P.C. in  accordance  with established  procedure, and

make appointments within a period of six months.

2.4. In this background, the State decided to keep the

recruitment process for  OAS  Class – II posts for the

recruitment year 2008 on hold, till the process of

recruitment by way of promotion/selection for the years

2001­2005 was completed.

2.5. Pursuant to the  Judgment of the  Tribunal, the  State

vide Letter dated 19.06.2008 called for recommendations

for the years 2001 to 2005 from all Departments, Heads

of Departments, and Collectors for recruitment to OAS

Class – II  posts  under  Rule  3(c) of the  OAS  Class II

Rules, 1978.

4

2.6. Aggrieved by the delay in completion of the recruitment

process for the years 2007­2008, various  O.A.s  were

filed by the contesting Respondents, and other similarly

situated persons, who had been recommended for

consideration to OAS Class – II posts against the

vacancies for 2008 before the O.A.T. The Applicants

prayed  for  completion of the recruitment process by

convening a D.P.C.; and declaration of the selection list

for the years 2007­2008 within a month, and issuance of

appointment letters.

2.7. The State undertook restructuring of the Orissa

Administrative Service in February 2009.

The re­structured Orissa Administrative Service

cadre  would comprise of  different  Grades,  viz.  –  OAS

Class – I (Junior Branch), OAS Class I (Senior Branch),

OAS (Supertime Scale), OAS (Senior Grade in Supertime

Scale),  OAS  (Superior  Administrative  Grade),  and OAS

(Special Secretary).

2.8. By  Resolution dated 25.05.2009, the  Orissa  Revenue

Service Group ‘B’ cadre was constituted.

5

The existing cadre of  OAS  Class – II posts  was

abolished.  The corresponding  cadre  of  OAS Class  – II

was the Orissa Revenue Service Group ‘B’ cadre.

2.9. The State  vide  two Notifications dated 07.12.2010

appointed candidates on OAS Class – II posts by way of

selection and promotion for the recruitment years 2001

to 2005.

2.10. The State framed the Orissa Administrative Services

(Method of Recruitment and Conditions of Service)

Rules, 2011 (“OAS Rules, 2011”) under Article 309 of

the Constitution of India. The Rules came into force on

25.06.2011.

Rule 17 of the OAS Rules, 2011 repealed the OAS

Class II Rules, 1978 under which the 2008 recruitment

process had been initiated.

Rule 4 of the OAS Rules, 2011 provides for

recruitment by promotion to Group ‘A’ (Junior Branch)

posts of the re­constituted Orissa Administrative Service

cadre from members of the Orissa Revenue Service.

6

Similarly, the Orissa Revenue Service (Recruitment)

Rules,  2011 (“ORS Rules,  2011”) came into force  on

June 27, 2011 to regulate the method of  recruitment,

and conditions of  service,  of  persons appointed to the

Orissa Revenue Service, including Group ‘B’ posts.

2.11. The O.A.T. vide Judgment dated 14.03.2012 decided the

O.A.s filed by the contesting Respondents and other

similarly situated persons who were under consideration

for the vacancies for the recruitment year  2008.  The

State  was  directed to take immediate steps to fill  up

Class – II/Group ‘B’ posts in the Orissa Revenue Service

cadre. 50% of the vacancies were to be filled up by direct

recruitment, and 50% by promotion from amongst Class

– III/Group C employees  as early  as  practicable, and

preferably within six months. The relief claimed by the

contesting Respondents and other similarly situated

persons could not be granted unless 50% of the available

vacancies  were first filled  up  by  direct recruitment in

accordance with the Rules. The contesting Respondents

had merely been recommended by their respective

7

Departmental Authorities for promotion/selection to

OAS Class – II (Group B) posts. There was no Selection

Board/D.P.C. which was convened, nor was any Select

List/Merit List prepared. The contesting Respondents

who were continuing against  Class  III  posts,  could be

considered  for  promotion only to Class – II (Group B)

posts, and not directly to Class – I (Group A) posts. No

right had accrued in favour of the contesting

Respondents to seek convening of a Selection

Board/Department Promotion Committee for

appointment  on  OAS Class – II  posts.  The  contesting

Respondents would be eligible for consideration against

the available Class – II/Group B posts in the

promotional quota, after 50% of the vacancies were filled

up by direct recruitment.

2.12. Aggrieved by the  common Judgment  and Order  dated

14.03.2012 passed by the O.A.T., the contesting

Respondents filed  W.P.s  before the  Orissa High Court

seeking quashing of the Judgment dated 14.03.2012

passed by the O.A.T.; issuance of directions to the State

8

to complete the recruitment process to OAS Class – II

posts on the basis of the recommendations  made in

favour of the contesting Respondents; and, grant

promotion to the contesting Respondents to OAS Class –

II posts with all service and promotional benefits  from

the date such benefits were due.

2.13. The Division Bench by the common impugned Judgment

and Order dated 30.04.2018 disposed of the W.P.s filed

by the contesting Respondents, and set aside the

Judgment dated 14.03.2012 passed by the O.A.T. The

State Authorities were directed to call for a review D.P.C.

to consider the cases of the contesting Respondents, and

other eligible officers, and complete the recruitment

process for 150 vacant OAS Class – II posts as against

the recruitment year of 2008 within 3 months. The High

Court held that the 150 vacant OAS Class – II posts for

which recommendations were made  in  the year  2008,

prior to the abolition of the OAS Class – II posts, and re­

constitution of the  Orissa Revenue Service cadre, be

filled up under the OAS Class II Rules, 1978.

9

3. Aggrieved by the impugned Judgment and Order dated

30.04.2018 as well as the impugned Orders dated 08.08.2018

and 10.08.2018 passed by the Division Bench, the State has

filed the present Special Leave Petitions.

4. The  issue which arises  for  our consideration  in  the present

Civil Appeals is whether the Division Bench of the Orissa High

Court was justified in directing the State to convene a review

D.P.C. for considering the case of the contesting Respondents

and other eligible officers, and  directing it to complete the

recruitment process for recruitment year of 2008 to the 150

vacant posts.

5. SUBMISSIONS OF PETITIONERS    

5.1. Mr. Ravi Prakash Mehrotra, Advocate on behalf  of  the

State submitted that the Division Bench had committed

a palpable error in directing the State to convene a

review D.P.C.

5.2. Placing  reliance  on a recent  decision of this  Court in

Union of India & Ors.  v.  Krishna Kumar & Ors.1, it was

submitted  that  no  right  had accrued  in favour  of the

1 2019 (1) SCALE 691. 10

contesting Respondents merely on account of their

names being recommended by the respective

Departmental Authorities to be considered for

selection/promotion against the vacancies in the

recruitment year 2008. The list of persons recommended

cannot be considered to be the approved list of

candidates  for  selection/promotion,  since no D.P.C. or

Selection Committee was convened for the same.

5.3. It was further submitted that the contesting

Respondents did not challenge the abolition of the OAS

Class – II cadre, and the consequent creation  of the

Orissa Revenue Service Group ‘B’ cadre.

5.4. The contesting Respondents could not claim a lien over

the OAS Class – II cadre, which had since been

abolished in 2009, and replaced by the Orissa Revenue

Service Group ‘B’ cadre.

5.5. Some of the contesting Respondents had submitted

themselves before the Selection Committee convened in

2013, and another in 2018, under the new ORS Rules,

11

2011 for appointment to vacant posts in the Orissa

Revenue Service Group ‘B’ cadre.

It was, therefore, not open to claim appointments to

the OAS Class – II posts under the repealed Rules in an

abolished cadre.

5.6. The claim of the contesting Respondents cannot be

considered at par with the candidates for the years 2001

to 2005 as their appointments were made prior to the

repeal  of the  OAS Class II  Rules,  1978 and the  OAS

Class II Regulations, 1978.

5.7. It was further submitted on behalf of the State that if the

directions of the Division Bench were to be carried out,

supernumerary posts would be required to be created to

accommodate the contesting Respondents which was not

possible.  This  would create  a serious precedent,  since

there were 559 candidates who were similarly situated

as the contesting Respondents, and had been

recommended by various Departments in 2008.

6. SUBMISSIONS OF RESPONDENTS    

12

6.1. Ms. Meenakshi Arora, learned Senior Advocate,

submitted  that  150 vacant  OAS Class – II  posts  were

available in 2008. The contesting Respondents were

eligible, and were duly recommended for appointment by

way of selection/promotion under the OAS Class II

Rules, 1978 and the OAS Class II Regulations, 1978.

6.2. The State, being a model employer, cannot discriminate

in the matter of selection/promotion to OAS Class – II

posts on a ‘pick­and­choose’ basis.

6.3. Admittedly, the OAS Class II Rules, 1978 and the OAS

Class II Regulations, 1978 were in force at the time when

the State decided to fill up 150 OAS Class – II posts on

28.04.2008. The vacancies were required to be filled up

under the OAS Class II Rules, 1978.

6.4. Reliance was placed by Ms. Arora, learned Senior

Advocate, on the decision of this Court in Y.V. Rangaiah

& Ors.  v.  J. Sreenivasa Rao & Ors.2. It was submitted

that vacancies which had occurred prior to the repeal of

the OAS Class II Rules, 1978 and OAS Class II

2 (1983) 3 SCC 284. 13

Regulations, 1978; and the coming into force of the OAS

Rules, 2011 and the ORS Rules, 2011, would be

governed by the old Rules, viz. OAS Class II Rules, 1978

and OAS Class II Regulations, 1978.

7. DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS    

7.1. The contesting Respondents cannot claim an accrued or

vested right for selection or promotion to OAS Class – II

posts in the year  2008,  merely  on the  basis of their

names being forwarded by the respective Departmental

Authorities.

7.2. When the recruitment  process for 2008  was initiated

vide Letter dated April 28, 2008 by the State, the extant

rules  and regulations occupying the field for  selection

and promotion to OAS Class – II  posts  were  the OAS

Class II Rules, 1978 and the OAS Class II Regulations,

1978.

7.3. Rule 6 of the OAS Class II Rules, 1978 provided for the

determination of vacancies by the State  Government.

14

Rule 6 has been reproduced hereinbelow for ready

reference:

“6. Filing of vacancies. –

The State Government  may  decide the number of vacancies in the service as may be required to be filled up in any particular year:

Provided that  no recruitment to the service shall be  made  without the  prior consultation  with the Commission”

(emphasis supplied)

7.4. Rule 3 of the OAS Class  II,  Rules 1978 provided that

recruitment to OAS Class II  posts was to be made by

three methods –  first, direct recruitment by competitive

examination [Rule 3(a)];  second, promotion from

amongst Gazetted Officers of a certain class [Rule 3(b)];

and third, selection of non­Gazetted Officers [Rule 3(c)].

The proportion of candidates to be recruited by the

methods specified above as per Rule 8 of the OAS Class

II Rules, 1978 was – 50% by direct recruitment, 30% by

promotion, and 20% by selection.

Further, Rule 8(5) also mandated that the State was

required to consult the Orissa Public Service

15

Commission  before appointment  by  way  of promotion

and selection.

7.5. As per Rule 5 of the OAS Class II Rules, 1978,

recruitment to OAS Class II posts by way of selection or

promotion shall be in accordance with the Orissa Class

II Regulations, 1978, which outline the recruitment

process.

7.6. In accordance with Regulation 6(i)  of the OAS Class II

Regulations,  1978,  any recruitment process by way of

selection or promotion was to be initiated by the State by

calling  for  recommendations  from Collectors,  Heads of

Departments and Departments of Governments, who

were required to forward a list of candidates considered

suitable to the Administrative Department (i.e.  the

Revenue Department).

On receipt of the recommendations, the

Administrative Department (i.e.  the Revenue

Department) was required to place a list of

recommended candidates in a tabular form before a

Selection Board constituted under Regulation 3.  

16

7.7. Under Regulation 7, the Selection Board was required to

consider the recommendations so received from the

Administrative Department, scrutinise the records

relating to the candidates who had been recommended,

and prepare a list of candidates who in the opinion of

the Selection Board are suitable for appointment to OAS

Class – II posts.

7.8. Thereafter, as per Regulation 8, the list prepared by the

Selection Board under Regulation 7 was required to be

referred to the Orissa Public Service Commission by the

State Government, along with the service records of the

all candidates whose names feature in the list.

7.9. After  considering the list  prepared under Regulation 7

along with other documents and records received from

the State Government, the Orissa Public Service

Commission was required to recommend a list of

candidates  suitable for selection or  promotion,  as the

case may be, under Regulation 9.

7.10. The list of candidates recommended by the Orissa Public

Service Commission under Regulation 9 was required to

17

be placed before the  State  Government.  The said list,

after  any approval  with  modification,  was  to form the

final list from which appointments were to be made to

OAS Class – II posts by way of selection or promotion in

accordance with Regulation 10.

Thus, the recruitment process by way of selection or

promotion, as the case may be, initiated in accordance

with Regulation 6 would culminate on the making of a

final list as per Regulation 10. Appointments by way of

promotion or selection could be made only from amongst

the  candidates  whose  names  featured  in the final list

prepared by the Commission, and placed before the

State Government.

7.11. In Deepak Agarwal & Another v. State of Uttar Pradesh &

Ors.3 this Court had held that the right to be considered

for  promotion accrues  on  the  date  of  consideration of

eligible candidates.4

3 (2011) 6 SCC 725. 4 See also Union of India & Ors. v. Krishna Kumar & Ors., 2019 (1) SCALE 691 (para 11); and, State of Tripura & Ors. v. Nikhil Ranjan Chakraborty & Ors., (2017) 3 SCC 646 (paras 8 and 9).

18

The relevant extract of the decision is extracted

hereinbelow for ready reference:

“26. It is by now  a settled proposition of law that a candidate has the right to be considered in the light of the existing rules, which implies the “rule in force” on the date the consideration took  place.  There is no rule of universal or absolute application that vacancies are to be filled invariably by the law existing on the date when the vacancy arises. The requirement of filling up old vacancies under the old rules is interlinked  with the candidate having acquired a right  to be considered for promotion. The right to be considered for promotion accrues on the date of consideration of the eligible candidates.  Unless, of course, the applicable rule, as in Y.V.  Rangaiah case [(1983)  3  SCC 284  :  1983 SCC (L&S) 382] lays down any particular time­frame, within which  the  selection  process is to  be  completed. In the present case, consideration for promotion took place after the amendment came into operation. Thus, it cannot be accepted that any accrued or vested right of the appellants has been taken away by the amendment.”

(emphasis supplied)

7.12. In the present case, the names of 559 candidates,

including the contesting Respondents, were merely

recommended by their respective Departmental

Authorities under Regulation 6. The recruitment process

did not proceed any further in accordance with

Regulations 7, 8, 9 and 10.  No final list of selected

candidates was placed by the Orissa Public Service

19

Commission before the State Government for the

purposes of appointment as against the vacancies of

2008.

As such, the contesting Respondents who had

merely been recommended by their respective

Departmental Authorities could not be considered to be

‘eligible’ for appointment by way of promotion or

selection under the erstwhile OAS Class II Regulations,

1978, since the steps set out in the regulations

mentioned below had not  been completed prior to the

repeal of the old OAS Class II Rules, 1978 and the OAS

Class II Regulations, 1978:

 Regulation 7 – preparation of a list of suitable

candidates by the Selection Board;

 Regulation 8 – consultation with the Orissa Public

Service Commission;

 Regulation 9 – recommendation of the Orissa

Public Service Commission; and,

20

 Regulation 10 – preparation and placement of final

list before the State Government for appointment.

Thus, the contesting Respondents had not acquired

an accrued or vested right of selection or promotion to

OAS Class – II posts in accordance with the OAS Class II

Rules,  1978 and  the  OAS Class II  Regulations,  1978,

since their names had never been considered for

selection or  promotion beyond  the  stage  contemplated

under Regulation 6.

7.13. Reliance placed by the Counsel for the Respondents on

Y.V.  Rangaiah & Ors.  v.  J.  Sreenivasa Rao & Ors.5  in

order to submit that the vacancies  which  had  arisen

under the old Rules would be governed by the old Rules,

is of no avail.

A similar submission was rejected by this Court in

Deepak Agarwal & Another  v.  State of Uttar Pradesh &

Ors.6. The relevant excerpt of the decision is reproduced

hereinbelow:

5 (1983) 3 SCC 284. 6 (2011) 6 SCC 725.

21

“24. We are of the considered opinion that the judgment in      Y.V.  Rangaiah case   [(1983)  3  SCC 284  :  1983 SCC (L&S) 382]  would  not be  applicable in the facts  and circumstances of this case. The aforesaid judgment was rendered on the interpretation of  Rule 4(a)(1)(i)  of the Andhra Pradesh Registration and Subordinate Service Rules, 1976. The aforesaid Rule provided for preparation of a panel for the eligible candidates every year in the  month  of September. This was a statutory duty cast upon the State. The exercise was required to be conducted each year. Thereafter, only promotion orders were to be issued. However, no panel had been prepared for the year 1976. Subsequently, the Rule was amended, which rendered the petitioners therein ineligible to be considered for promotion. In these circumstances, it was observed by this Court that the amendment  would not  be applicable to the vacancies which had arisen prior to the amendment. The vacancies which occurred prior to the amended Rules would be governed by the old Rules and not the amended Rules.

25. In the present case, there is no statutory duty cast upon the respondents to either prepare a yearwise panel of the eligible candidates or of the selected candidates for promotion. In fact, the proviso to Rule 2 enables the State to keep any post unfilled. Therefore, clearly there is no statutory duty which the State could be mandated to perform under the applicable Rules. The requirement to identify the vacancies in a year or to take a decision as  to  how many posts  are to  be filled  under  Rule  7 cannot be equated with not issuing promotion orders to the candidates duly selected for promotion. In our opinion, the appellants had not acquired any right to be considered for promotion. Therefore, it is difficult to accept the submissions of Dr. Rajeev Dhavan that the vacancies, which had arisen before 17­5­1999 had to be filled under the unamended Rules.”

(emphasis supplied)

22

7.14. In the present case the contesting Respondents had

merely been recommended by the respective

Departmental Authorities under Regulation 6. The

recruitment process had not proceeded any further

thereafter. There was no time­frame prescribed for

completion of the recruitment process under the

erstwhile OAS Class – II Rules, 1978 or the OAS Class –

II Regulations, 1978.

7.15. In the  meanwhile, the State restructured the Orissa

Administrative Service cadre, and constituted the Orissa

Revenue Service vide Resolutions dated 28.02.2009 and

25.05.2009.

As a part of the re­structuring exercise, the

erstwhile  OAS Class  – II  posts  were  abolished,  and a

corresponding new cadre of Group ‘B’ posts in the newly

constituted Orissa Revenue Service was created.

7.16. The contesting Respondents have not challenged either

the abolition of OAS Class – II posts, or the creation of

the corresponding Orissa Revenue Service Group ‘B’

posts.

23

7.17. To the contrary, some of them have participated in the

proceedings of the D.P.C. convened on 30.04.2013 for

recruitment to the newly created Orissa Revenue Service

Group ‘B’ cadre.

After being considered, 6 of the contesting

Respondents  were selected,  while 1  was kept on the

Waiting List.

The State  appointed  the  said  Respondents to the

Orissa Revenue Service Group ‘B’ posts. However, only

two  out of the five contesting  Respondents  who  were

appointed, joined the posts.

7.18. Subsequently, during the pendency of the W.P.s,

another D.P.C. was convened to consider the promotion

of employees  working in the  Orissa  Revenue  Services

Group ‘B’ posts to Orissa Administrative Service Group A

(Junior Branch) posts.

1 contesting Respondent was promoted to the OAS

Group A (Junior Branch) cadre.

24

7.19. The contesting Respondents cannot claim any lien over

the abolished OAS Class – II posts, which were governed

by the old OAS Class II Rules, 1978 and OAS Class II

Regulations, 1978.

7.20. In this context, reliance may be placed on two decisions

of this Court in  Rajasthan Public Service Commission  v.

Chanan Ram7  and  Union of India  & Ors.  v.  Krishna

Kumar & Ors.8.  

In  Rajasthan Public Service Commission  v.  Chanan

Ram9  this Court rejected a claim for filing up vacancies

in posts which no longer existed, after an amendment of

the extant Rules.

The relevant excerpt of the decision is reproduced

hereinbelow for ready reference:

“14.  …Once  it is  held that the old vacancies were  in posts  which no  longer  existed after  April  1995, there remained no occasion to consider  whether these old vacancies could be filled in by applying earlier rules of recruitment to the very same posts…There were no such posts after  April  1995 in the cadres of  the Rajasthan Agricultural Marketing Service as seen earlier…

7 (1998) 4 SCC 202. 8 2019 (1) SCALE 691. 9 (1998) 4 SCC 202.

25

15. …On the contrary a three­Judge Bench judgment of this Court in the case of Jai Singh Dalal v. State of Haryana [1993 Supp (2) SCC 600 : 1993 SCC (L&S) 846 :  (1993) 24 ATC 788] would squarely get attracted on the facts of the present case. A.M. Ahmadi J., speaking for the three­Judge Bench in para 7 of the Report relying on  an earlier judgment  of this  Court in case of State of Haryana v. Subash Chander Marwaha [(1974) 3 SCC 220 : 1973 SCC (L&S) 488] laid down that when the special process of recruitment had not been finalised and culminated into select  list  the candidate did not have any right to appointment. In this connection it was observed that the recruitment process could be stopped by the Government at any time before a candidate  has been appointed.  A candidate  has  no vested  right to  get the  process  completed  and at the most the  Government  could  be  required  to justify its action on the touchstone of Article 14 of the Constitution.”

(emphasis supplied)

In Union of India & Ors. v.  Krishna Kumar & Ors.10

this Court was dealing with a similar situation of cadre

restructuring.

The relevant extract of  the decision is reproduced

hereinbelow for ready reference:

“14.  In view of this statement of the law, it is evident that once the structure of Assam Rifles underwent a change following the creation of the intermediate post of Warrant Officer, persons holding the post of Havildar would be considered for promotion to the post of Warrant Officer. The intermediate post of Warrant Officer was created as a result of the restructuring

10 2019 (1) SCALE 691. 26

exercise.  The High Court  was, in our  view,  in error in postulating that vacancies which arose prior to the amendment      of      the Recruitment Rules would necessarily be governed by the Rules which existed at the time      of      the occurrence      of      the vacancies. As the decided cases noted earlier indicate, there is no such rule      of absolute or universal application. The entire basis      of      the decision      of      the High Court was that those who were recruited prior to the restructuring exercise and  were holding the post      of      Havildars had acquired a vested right      of      promotion to the post      of      Naib Subedar. This does not reflect the correct position in law. The right is to be considered for promotion in accordance with the Rules as they exist when the exercise is carried out for promotion.”

(emphasis supplied)

7.21. The submission of the contesting Respondents that their

case be considered at par with the candidates appointed

by way of selection and promotion as against the

vacancies for the years 2001 to 2005 is not tenable.

The appointments of persons as against the

vacancies for the years 2001 to 2005 were made vide two

Notifications dated December 7, 2010, which were

issued prior to the repeal of the old OAS Class II Rules,

1978 and the OAS Class II Regulations, 1978.

7.22. Finally, the High Court had relied upon the decision in

Mukti Ranjan Acharya & Ors. v. State of Orissa & Ors.11

11 2012 (II) OLR 61. 27

[W.P. (C)  No.  19827/2009;  Decided on 16.04.2012] to

hold that promotions could be given under the repealed

OAS Class II Rules, 1978 and the OAS Class II

Regulations, 1978. The S.L.P. against this judgment had

been simply dismissed. The Counsel for the contesting

Respondents  prayed for  dismissal  of the  present  Civil

Appeals by submitting that the said decision had been

affirmed by this Court vide Order dated 28.09.2012.   

It is a well­settled principle of law emerging from a

catena of decisions of this  Court, including  Supreme

Court Employees’ Welfare Association v. Union of India &

Anr.12  and  State of Punjab  v.  Davinder Pal Singh

Bhullar13, that the dismissal of a S.L.P.  in limine simply

implies that the case before this Court was not

considered worthy  of  examination  for  a  reason,  which

may be other than the merits of the case. Such in limine

dismissal  at the  threshold without  giving any detailed

reasons, does not constitute any declaration of law or a

binding precedent under Article 141 of the Constitution.

12 (1989) 1 SCC 187 (paras 22 and 23). 13 (2011) 14 SCC 770 (paras 112 and 113).

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8. On the aforesaid grounds, we hold that the Judgment of the

Division Bench is  liable to be set aside since the contesting

Respondents did not have a vested or fructified right of

promotion to OAS Class II posts which had arisen during the

recruitment year 2008. The names of the contesting

Respondents were merely recommended for consideration. In

the meanwhile, in 2009 the State had re­structured the cadre,

and abolished the OAS Class II cadre. The re­constituted cadre

viz.  the Orissa Revenue Service Group ‘B’ cadre came in its

place. Hence, the direction of the Division Bench to appoint

the contesting Respondents in the vacancies which had

occurred in the abolished cadre, in accordance with the

repealed 1978 Rules, was contrary to law, and liable to be set

aside.

In view of the aforesaid findings, the present Civil

Appeals  are  allowed.  The common  impugned Judgment and

Order dated 30.04.2018 passed by the Orissa High Court in

W.P. (C) Nos. 14831 of 2013, 18749 of 2012, 6720 of 2013,

25961 of  2017 and 9200 of  2016 as well  as the impugned

Orders dated 08.08.2018 and 10.08.2018 passed by the Orissa

29

High Court in  W.P. (C)  Nos.  7383 and 14665/2018 are set

aside.

Pending Interlocutory Applications, if any, are disposed

of in terms of the Judgment.

Ordered accordingly.

…..……...........................J. (UDAY UMESH LALIT)

..….……..........................J. (INDU MALHOTRA)

New Delhi May 6, 2019.

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