THE COMMISSIONER OF GIFT-TAX, KERALA Vs DR. GEORGE KURUVILLA
Case number: Appeal (civil) 764 of 1967
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PETITIONER: THE COMMISSIONER OF GIFT-TAX, KERALA
Vs.
RESPONDENT: DR. GEORGE KURUVILLA
DATE OF JUDGMENT: 24/04/1970
BENCH: SHAH, J.C. BENCH: SHAH, J.C. HEGDE, K.S. GROVER, A.N.
CITATION: 1970 AIR 1535 1971 SCR (1) 373 1970 SCC (2) 29 CITATOR INFO : D 1972 SC 23 (8,9)
ACT: Gift-tax Act, (18 of 1958) s. 5(1) (xiv)--Gift of Hospital building by medical practitioner to his son who later join donor’s profession-Gift described as for love and affection- Whether, exempt under s. 5(1)(xiv).
HEADNOTE: The assessee a medical practioner, by a deed gifted a hospital building and land appurtenant thereto his son. The gift-deed recited that the gift was made "Out of love and affection". The assessee claimed exemption from gift-tax liability under s. 5 (1) (xiv) of the Gift Tax Act 1958 on the ground that a few months after the gift his son had graduated in medicine and had joined the assessee’s profession. No evidence was placed before the taxing authorities that the gift was made in the course of carrying on the business of the donor. The Gift-tax Officer rejected the claim, and the order was affirmed by the Appellate Commissioner. The Appellate Tribunal held that the assessee was exempt from liability to pay Gift-tax. On reference, the High Court upheld the Tribunal’s order. In appeal by the Revenue, this Court. HELD : The assessee was not entitled to the exemption under s. 5(1) (xiv) of the Act. The donor is exempt under s. 5 (1) (xiv) from liability to pay tax only if the gift is in the course of carrying on a business, profession or vocation and is made bona fide for the purpose of such business, profession or vocation. The clause does not enact that a gift made by a person carrying on any business is exempt from tax, nor does it provide that a gift is exempt from tax because the property is used by the donor. Without deciding whether the test of "commercial expedience" is strictly appropriate to a claim for exemption under s. 5(1)(xiv) of the Gift Tax Act-there was no evidence on the record in this case to prove that the gift was "in the course of carrying on the business" of the donor, and "for the purpose of the business". [1375 G-H; 376 A]
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JUDGMENT: CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Civil Appeal No. 764 of 1967. Appeal from the judgment and order dated April 2, 1965 of the Kerala High Court in I.T.R. Case No. 26 of 1964. B. Sen, S. K. Aiyar and B. D. Sharma, for the appellant. The respondent did not appear. The Judgment of the Court was delivered by Shah, J. By our order dated January 1, 1969, we directed the Income-tax Appellate Tribunal to submit a supplementary statement of the case together with a copy of the deed of gift dated February 3, 1960 executed by the respondent. The tri L12SupCI/70-10 374 bunal has submitted the supplementary statement of the case together with, a copy of the deed of gift executed by the respondent on February 3, 1960. The respondent is a medical practitioner. By the deed dated February 3, 1960 he has given to his son Thomas four items of property : (1) one-fifth share in cardamom estate valued at Rs. 3,030.80; (2) 1.38 cents of garden land valued at Rs. 4,500; (3) G. K. Hospital Building erected on the garden land valued ,at Rs. 17,250; and (4) Othi rights valued at Rs. 6,000. In response to a notice under s. 13(2) of the Gift Tax Act 18 of 1958 the assessee filed a return for the assessment year 1960 61 disclosing taxable gifts of property valued at Rs. 27,251 But he claimed exemption in respect of item No. (2), i.e. the garden land. In the course of the hearing the respondent claimed that the G.K. Hospital, Building item No. (3) was also exempt from liability to gift-tax because of s. 5 ( 1 ) (xiv) of the Gift-tax. Act. It was the case of the respondent that his son Thomas had graduated in the medical science at an examination held in December 1959 and had joined the respondent’s profession as a House-Surgeon July 1960, and on that account the gifts in respect of items (2) & (3) were exempt from liability to tax. The Gift-tax Officer rejected the claim. The Appellate Assistant Commissioner confirmed the order of the Gift-tax Officer. the Appellate Tribunal held that the respondent was entitled to exemption in respect of items (2) and (3). At the instance of the Commissioner of Gift Tax, the Tribu- nal referred the following question to the High Court of Kerala for opinion "Whether on the facts and in the circumstances of the case, the assessee was entitled to the exemption in respect of G.K. Hospital and the adjoining land of 1.38 cents under s. 5 ( 1 ) (xiv) of the Gift Tax Act?" The High Court answered the question in the affirmative. The Commissioner of Gift Tax, Kerala, has appealed to this Court. Section 5 of the Gift Tax Act provides for exemption in res- pect of certain gifts : insofar as it is relevant it provides : "(1) Gift-tax shall not be charged under this Act in respect of gifts made by any person- (xiv) in the course of carrying on a business, pro fession or vocation, to the extent to which the gift is proved to the satisfaction of the Gift-tax Officer to have 375 been made bona fide for the purpose of such
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business, profession or vocation." The respondent practises the profession of medicine. A few months after the deed of gift his son Thomas also qualified to be a medical practitioner. But there is nothing in the deed of gift which even remotely suggests that the gift was made by the respondent in the course of his profession and bona fide for the purpose of carrying on his profession as a practitioner in medicine. The recitals in the deed are clear : it is recited in the deed that the gift was made ’out of love and affection". There was no evidence before the taxing authorities that the gift was made to the donee Thomas in the course of carrying on the business by the donor or for the purpose of such business, profession or vocation. The Tribunal observed in paragraph-7 of the judgement : "There is no finding that the assessee has ceased to carry on his profession as a doctor; Therefore it will be clear that the gift had been made in the course of the carrying on the profession. Now the next condition is that it should have been made for the purpose of the profession. It is not the case of the Department that the gift property had been used for any purpose other than what it had been put to while it was with the donor. The High Court observed: "We feel it difficult to resist the conclusion that in the background and circumstances, the gift could well be regarded as having been made for the better ordering of the business of the assessee......... it would be enough to show that the gift was made on grounds of commercial expediency and in order to directly or indirectly facilitate the carrying on of the business, profession or vocation." We are unable to agree with the views so expressed. The donor is exempt under s. 5 (1) (xiv) from liability to pay tax only if the gift is in the course of carrying on a business, pro fession or vocation and is made bona fide for the purpose of such business, profession or vocation. The clause does not enact that a gift made by a person carrying on any business is exempt from tax, nor does it provide that a gift is exempt from tax merely because the property is used for the purpose for which it was used by the donor. Without deciding whether the test of commercial expediency" is strictly appropriate to the claim 3 76 for exemption under S. 5 ( 1 ) (xiv), we are of the view that there is no evidence on the record to prove that the gift to Thomas was "in the course of carrying on the business" of the donor, and "for the purpose of the business". The appeal is allowed and the order passed by the High Court is set aside. The Commissioner of Gift Tax will get his costs in this Court and the High Court. Appeal allowed. 377