STATE OF J & K Vs SAT PAL
Case number: C.A. No.-000938-000939 / 2013
Diary number: 25374 / 2012
Advocates: SUNIL FERNANDES Vs
P. D. SHARMA
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“ REPORTABLE”
IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION
CIVIL APPEAL NOS. 938-939 OF 2013 (Arising out of SLP (C) Nos. 31591-31592 of 2012)
State of J&K & Ors. …. Appellants
Versus
Sat Pal …. Respondent
J U D G M E N T
JAGDISH SINGH KHEHAR, J.
1. Leave granted.
2. The Public Works Department of the State of Jammu & Kashmir
conducted a process of selection, for recruitment against the posts of
Junior Engineer (Civil) Grade-II. Sat Pal, the respondent herein
participated in the aforesaid process of selection. He was successful,
inasmuch as, he figured in the final merit/select list of scheduled caste
candidates, prepared at the culmination of the selection process. Having
learnt that some scheduled cast candidates above him in the merit/select
list had not joined inspite of having been offered appointment, Sat Pal
addressed a representation to the appellants seeking appointment against
an available vacancy. In his representation, he mentioned the name of
Trilok Nath as one of the selected candidates, who had been offered
appointment, but had not joined. In his representation, he also pointed out,
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that in the merit/select list pertaining for scheduled caste candidates, his
name figured immediately after the name of the said Trilok Nath.
3. Since the representation filed by the respondent remained
undecided, he approached the High Court of Jammu & Kashmir at Jammu
(hereinafter referred to as, the High Court) by filing SWP no. 1156 of 2009.
Before the High Court, the respondent Sat Pal reiterated the factual
position asserted by him in his representation. To substantiate his
assertion pertaining to Trilok Nath, that although the aforesaid Trilok Nath
had been offered appointment against the post of Junior Engineer (Civil)
Grade-II on 22.4.2008, Trilok Nath had not joined against the same, he
placed before the High Court a communication dated 5.5.2008 issued by
the Chief Engineer (R&B) Department, Jammu, narrating that Trilok Nath
was not interested to join against the post of Junior Engineer (Civil) Grade-
II.
4. Before the High Court, the respondent relied upon the prevalent rule,
whereunder, a waiting list was valid for one year. The fact that the
prevalent rules envisaged, that the merit list of candidates in continuation
of those offered appointment, would constitute the waiting list, and would
be valid for a period of one year, was not disputed even before us.
5. Despite the High Court having issued notice to the State
Government in SWP no.1156 of 2009, and had required it to file pleadings,
the State Government i.e., the appellants before this Court, did not file any
objections. The right of the appellants to file objections was closed by an
order dated 5.4.2010. In the aforesaid view of the matter, it was natural for
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the High Court to infer, that the assertions made by the respondent before
it, were truthful and acceptable for a final determination of the controversy.
Despite the aforesaid, the High Court disposed of the aforesaid writ petition
at the admission stage, by directing the appointing authority to examine the
claim of the respondent, for appointment against the post of Junior
Engineer (Civil) Grade-II, by keeping in mind the communication dated
5.5.2008 issued by the Chief Engineer (R&B) Department, Jammu,
affirming that Trilok Nath, who was offered appointment against the post
under reference, had declined to join. The High Court required the
appellants herein to take a final decision in respect of the appointment of
the respondent, within a period of two months, from the date a copy of the
order of the High Court was made available.
6. In compliance of the directions issued by the High Court vide order
dated 9.8.2010 in SWP no. 1156 of 2009, the appellants passed an order
on 23.8.2011. By the said order dated 23.8.2011, the claim of the
respondent for appointment against the post of Junior Engineer (Civil)
Grade-II was rejected for the following reasons:-
“(i) In view of the fact that the waiting list issued in respect of the recruitment has outlived its validity way back in May, 2008 itself, he cannot be granted appointment in accordance with the same.
(ii) And that for the abovesaid reason, vacancies cannot be filled at a belated stage.”
7. Aggrieved by the rejection order dated 23.8.2011, rather than
assailing the same by way of a fresh writ petition, the respondent filed
Contempt (SWP) no. 157 of 2011. The aforesaid contempt petition was
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disposed of by the High Court vide order dated 29.10.2011, with the
following observations:-
“The claim of the petitioner for his appointment as Junior Engineer (Civil) Grade-II arose during the validity of select list/wait list. The duty was cast on the competent authority, who was seized of the select list/wait list to fill up the vacancies from the wait list, but it failed to perform its duty. It is not the fault of the petitioner that his claim for appointment was not considered during the validity of select list/wait list. The fault is committed by the authority and the petitioner cannot penalized for the same. The claim of the petitioner on merits deserved to be allowed for being appointed on the post of Junior Engineer (Civil) Grade-II when select list/wait list was in operation. Same having not been done despite request having been made, his right of consideration for being appointed would thus survive though such claim was considered by the Government after the expiry of the validity period of select list/wait list.
Consideration order issued by the Government does not comply with the court directions. Before initiating action for framing rule in this contempt petition, it will be appropriate to afford an opportunity to the respondents to consider the whole issue and pass orders in accordance with judgment of the Court. Four week’s time is granted to the respondents to reconsider the whole issue in the light of the observations made hereinabove and file compliance report by or before next date.”
8. The appellants herein were aggrieved by the order passed by the
High Court in Contempt (SWP) no. 157 of 2011 filed by the respondent,
since the appellants felt, that the directions in the nature recorded by the
High Court (in the order extracted hereinabove), were not permissible in
exercise of contempt jurisdiction. It is, therefore, that the appellants
preferred a letters patent appeal (LPAC no.2 of 2012) to assail the order
dated 29.10.2011 passed by the High Court in Contempt (SWP) no. 157 of
2011. The letters patent bench, by its order dated 3.4.2012, held the said
letters patent appeal as not maintainable. The orders passed by the High
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Court dated 29.10.2011 and 3.4.2012 have been assailed by the
appellants before this Court, by way of present appeals.
9. The controversy in hand is yet another illustration of the denial of a
legitimate claim, of an innocent citizen. Rather than appreciating the claim
raised by the respondent before the High Court through SWP no.1156 of
2009, to which the appellants failed to even file their response, the same
was ordered to be closed by an order dated 5.4.2010. Thereupon
appellants have chosen to pursue a course, which would sideline the main
controversy. The course adopted would neither serve their own purpose,
nor the purpose of the respondent Sat Pal.
10. It is not a matter of dispute, that the respondent Sat Pal
participated in a process of selection for recruitment against the post of
Junior Engineer (Civil) Grade-II. It is also not in dispute, that his name
figured in the merit/select list of scheduled caste candidates. Trilok Nath,
who had been offered appointment against the post of Junior Engineer
(Civil) Grade-II on 22.4.2008, did not join, despite the said offer of
appointment. The instant fact is fully substantiated from the order dated
5.5.2008 issued by the Chief Engineer (R&B) Department, Jammu. Even
though candidates who were higher in merit, were offered appointment to
the post of Junior Engineer (Civil) Grade-II, for which recruitment was held,
some of such posts remained vacant on account of the fact that persons
higher in merit to the respondent Sat Pal had declined to join, despite
having been offered appointment. Atleast one such vacancy offered to
Trilok Nath never came to be filled up. In such a situation, the claim of the
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respondent Sat Pal whose name figured in the merit/select list, ought to
have been offered appointment against the said post. The claim of
respondent Sat Pal could not have been repudiated, specially on account
of his assertion, that his name in the merit/select list amongst Scheduled
Caste candidates immediately below the name of Trilok Nath, was not
disputed even in the pleadings before this Court. It is not the case of the
appellants before this Court, that any other candidate higher than Sat Pal
in the merit/select list is available out of Scheduled Caste candidates, and
can be offered the post against which Trilok Nath had not joined.
11. In view of the factual position noticed hereinabove, the reason
indicated by the appellants in declining the claim of the respondent Sat Pal
for appointment out of the waiting list is clearly unjustified. A waiting list
would start to operate only after the posts for which the recruitment is
conducted, have been completed. A waiting list would commence to
operate, when offers of appointment have been issued to those emerging
on the top of the merit list. The existence of a waiting list, allows room to
the appointing authority to fill up vacancies which arise during the
subsistence of the waiting list. A waiting list commences to operate, after
the vacancies for which the recruitment process has been conducted have
been filled up. In the instant controversy the aforesaid situation for
operating the waiting list had not arisen, because one of the posts of Junior
Engineer (Civil) Grade-II for which the recruitment process was conducted
was actually never filled up. For the reason that Trilok Nath had not
assumed charge, one of the posts for which the process of recruitment was
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conducted, had remained vacant. That apart, even if it is assumed for
arguments sake, that all the posts for which the process of selection was
conducted were duly filled up, it cannot be disputed that Trilok Nath who
had participated in the same selection process as the respondent herein,
was offered appointment against the post of Junior Engineer (Civil) Grade-
II on 22.4.2008. The aforesaid offer was made, consequent upon his
selection in the said process of recruitment. The validity of the waiting list,
in the facts of this case, has to be determined with reference to 22.4.2008,
because the vacancy was offered to Trilok Nath on 22.4.2008. It is the
said vacancy, for which the respondent had approached the High Court.
As against the aforesaid, it is the acknowledged position recorded by the
appellants in the impugned order dated 23.8.2011 (extracted above), that
the waiting list was valid till May, 2008. If Trilok Nath was found eligible for
appointment against the vacancy in question out of the same waiting list,
the respondent herein would be equally eligible for appointment against
the said vacancy. This would be the unquestionable legal position, in so
far as the present controversy is concerned.
12. The date of filing of the representation by the parties concerned
and/or the date on which the competent authority chooses to fill up the
vacancy in question, is of no consequence whatsoever. The only relevant
date is the date of arising of the vacancy. It would be a different legal
proposition, if the appointing authority decides not to fill up an available
vacancy, despite the availability of candidates on the waiting list. The offer
made to Trilok Nath on 22.4.2008 by itself, leads to the inference that the
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vacancy under reference arose within the period of one year, i.e., during
the period of validity of the waiting list postulated by the rules. The offer of
the vacancy to Trilok Nath, negates the proposition posed above, i.e., the
desire of the employer not to fill up the vacancy. Herein, the appellants
wished to fill up the vacancy under reference. Moreover, this is not a case
where the respondent was seeking appointment against a vacancy, over
and above the posts for which the process of selection/ recruitment was
conducted. Based on the aforesaid inference, we have no hesitation in
concluding that the appellants ought to have appointed the respondent Sat
Pal, against the vacancy which was offered to Trilok Nath.
13. The issue arising for consideration herein, has already been
adjudicated upon by this Court. In the first instance reference may be
made to the decision rendered by this Court in Virender S. Hooda v. State
of Haryana (1999) 3 SCC 696. In the instant case administrative
instructions envisaged, that vacancies which came into existence within six
months of the date of recommendation by the Public Service Commission,
could be filled up from the earlier process of selection. The observations
made by this Court on the instant issue, in the aforesaid background,
are being extracted below:
“…..The fact that there were further vacancies available and when 9 vacancies were advertised to be filled up within a period of six months after announcement of the previous selection cannot be disputed at all. In terms of the circulars issued by the Government on 22.3.1957 and 26.5.1972 when such vacancies arise within six months from the receipt of the recommendation of the Public Service Commission they have to be filled up out of the waiting list maintained by the Commission. In respect of the vacancies which arise after the expiry of six months it is necessary to send the requisition to the Commission. It is also made clear that if the
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Commission makes recommendations regarding a post to the Department and additional vacancies occur in the Department within a period of six months on the receipt of the recommendations, then the vacancies which occur later on can be filled in from amongst the additional candidates recommended by the Commission. It is urged on behalf of the appellants that letter dated 7.1.1992 indicated that the cadre strength in the Haryana Civil Service (Executive Branch) was 440 and the officers filling these posts were around 129 and there was a shortfall of 111 and 23 posts had to be filled up by direct recruitment. Thus 12 posts for direct recruitment were vacant when the advertisement for recruitment was made which was held in 1991. Therefore, the appellants’ case ought to have been considered when some of the vacancies arose by reason of non-appointment of some of the candidates. Therefore, the Government ought to have considered the case of the appellants as per the rank obtained by them and the appellants had to be appointed if they came within the range of selection. Thus when these vacancies arise within the period of six months from the date of previous selection the circulars are attracted and hence the view of the High Court that vacancies arose after selection process commenced has no relevance and is contrary to the declared policy of the Government in the matter to fill up such posts from the waiting list.”
This Court has also considered the same issue wherein there were no
rules/administrative instructions for filling up vacancies from the waiting list.
While examining the aforesaid issue this Court in Mukul Saikia v. State of
Assam, (2009) 1 SCC 386, held as under:
“At the outset it should be noticed that the select list prepared by APSC could be used to fill the notified vacancies and not future vacancies. If the requisition and advertisement was only for 27 posts, the State cannot appoint more than the number of posts advertised, even though APSC had prepared a select list of 64 candidates. The select list got exhausted when all the 27 posts were filled. Thereafter, the candidates below the 27 appointed candidates have no right to claim appointment to any vacancy in regard to which selection was not held. The fact that evidently and admittedly the names of the appellants appeared in the select list dated 17.7.2000 below the persons who have been appointed on merit against the said 27 vacancies, and as such they could not have been appointed in excess of the number of posts advertised as the currency of select list had expired as soon as the number of posts advertised are filled up, therefore, appointment beyond the number of posts advertised would amount to filling up future vacancies meant for direct candidates in violation of quota rules. Therefore, the appellants are
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not entitled to claim any relief for themselves. The question that remains for consideration is whether there is any ground for challenging the regularisation of the private respondents.”
The determination rendered by this Court in the aforesaid judgments,
substantiates the view expressed by us in the foregoing paragraphs.
14. It is in the background of the aforesaid factual and legal position, that
the High Court recorded some observations in its order dated 29.10.2011
passed in Contempt (SWP no.157 of 2011). The aforesaid observations
were advisory in nature. Rather than initiating action against the
appellants for having missed the point, while considering the claim of the
respondent in contempt jurisdiction, the High Court in its wisdom required
the appellants to correct the mistake committed by the appellants. The
High Court did not, in the first instance, initiate any coercive action against
the appellants. In the aforesaid view of the matter it is apparent, that the
appellants unnecessarily preferred a letters patent appeal to assail the
order of the High Court dated 29.10.2011, on a technical plea, that the
High Court in exercise of its contempt jurisdiction could not have dealt with
the merits of the claim of the respondent. The same issue is being
pursued now before us on technical grounds of maintainability of the letters
patent appeal preferred by the appellants before the High Court (out of
which the instant appeals have arisen).
15. In so far as the technical objections raised by the appellants is
concerned, reliance, in the first instance was placed by the learned counsel
on Prithawi Nath Ram v. State of Jharkhand & Others, (2004) 7 SCC 261,
wherein this Court opined, that a court in exercise of its contempt
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jurisdiction, dealing with an application alleging non compliance of its
earlier order, could not examine the rightness or wrongness of that order,
nor could it issue further directions. Reliance was also placed on V.M.
Manohar Prasad v. N. Ratnam Raju & Anr., (2004) 13 SCC 610, wherein
this Court held, that a contempt court was precluded from adjudicating on
the merits of a controversy by passing any supplemental order, in addition
to the order non compliance of which, was the basis of initiating contempt
proceedings. Finally, reliance was placed on Midnapore Peoples’ Coop.
Bank Ltd. & others v. Chunilal Nanda & Others (2006) 5 SCC 399, dealing
with the maintainability of an intra-court appeal against an order passed by
the High Court in exercise of its contempt jurisdiction.
16. It is not as if the pleas raised at the hands of the appellants are not
fully legitimate. In the facts and circumstances of this case, for reasons
which would emerge from our instant order, we would decline to invoke the
jurisdiction vested in us under Article 136 of the Constitution of India, for
debating and deciding the technical pleas advanced by the appellants. We
would rather invoke our jurisdiction under Article 142 of the Constitution of
India for doing complete justice in the cause in hand. Entertaining the
instant appeals would defeat the ends of justice for which the respondent
Sat Pal had approached the High Court. Entertaining the objections filed
by the appellants would result in deviating from the merits of the claim
raised by the respondent Sat Pal, before the High Court.
17. It gives us no pleasure to record that the State is not an adversary,
and ought not have behaved in the manner it has chosen in the facts and
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circumstances of this case. In the first instance, it failed to even file a
response before the High Court, to the writ petition preferred by the
respondent Sat Pal. The matter could have been adjudicated on merits,
had the High Court chosen to do so. In order to ensure that justice to the
respondent was not delayed, the High Court considered it just and
appropriate to direct the appointing authority to consider the claim of the
respondent, consequent upon Trilok Nath having declined to join the post
of Junior Engineer (Civil) Grade-II. Mainly because, the respondent Sat
Pal had approached the High Court for relief, the appellants rejected his
claim for wholly unreasonable grounds. Rather than focusing on the merits
of the claim raised by respondent Sat Pal, the appellants chose to initiate
proceedings which would deviate the legal process from the merits of the
claim of respondent. Had we issued notice to respondent Sat Pal based
on the technical pleas raised by the appellants, the respondent Sat Pal
may not even have been in a position to defend himself before this Court.
Litigation before this Court, is an expensive proposition. A poor scheduled
caste candidate cannot be subjected to unnecessary harassment at the
hands of the mighty State. It is for the aforesaid reasons, that the instant
order is being passed, for doing complete justice in the instant cause.
18. In view of the factual and legal position discussed by us
hereinabove, we are of the view, that in the facts and circumstances of this
case, it would be just and appropriate to direct the appellants to appoint the
respondent Sat Pal against the post of Junior Engineer (Civil) Grade-II.
The aforesaid offer of appointment will relate back to the permissible date
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contemplated under the rules laying down conditions of service of the
cadre to which the respondent Sat Pal will be appointed. Naturally, the
respondent will be entitled to seniority immediately below those who were
appointed from the same process of selection. Since Sat Pal has not
discharged his duties, he would be entitled to wages only with effect from
the date of the instant order.
19. Disposed of in the aforesaid terms.
…………………………….J. (P. Sathasivam)
…………………………….J. (Jagdish Singh Khehar)
New Delhi; February 5, 2013.
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